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Dr. Sam Keen, a psychologist from Sausalito, California and faculty member of the American Humanistic Psychology Institute, conducts a workshop in Minneapolis on how stories and legends from our past shape present values and expectations.

Keen is a former consulting editor of the magazine "Psychology Today."

Read the Text Transcription of the Audio.

We're going to be. Taking a journey together where hopefully by the end of two days, we will begin to create a community. Very much or recreated Community very much in the way that that people in earlier times. Did it with tribes? Is every every tribal Community was basically a group of people who share the same stories? The way people got to know who they were in those days was by telling stories and sharing the stories and that's what identity was. Almost all preliterate people a they had no psychology. They didn't have What the heck was stories they have philosophy. They had stories have economics they had stories. William the whole You might say Encyclopedia of wisdom of the ancient world was that which was caned contains in their stories and all the things that guy did people in knowing how the live with their missing their Legends? If you look at look at the mess in the Legends of the Hopi Indians or or the Hebrews or the trobriand Islanders what you always find is their stories contain. explanations for all of the important existential questions that people ask When you talk about myths and stories, it's very difficult, especially for modern Americans to understand how mythical all human beings are when we think about myths and stories. We usually that word very often means to us. I lie in the newspapers. That's what she was missing something with this is untrue and usually which is fabricated and untrue I'm two very large extent. We are a people whose myth whose primary myth is that we don't have any myths. We think you know that this is something that went out with the flush toilet. And of course, you know, we we assume that technology has brought us to the point and we almost Well, it comes right down to it. We're better than other people. I am the reason we're better because we have flush toilets and electric lights and packaged food and Automobiles and Science and Technology and you look very carefully and you begin to look with different we are. Problems with somebody once said we don't know who discovered water but we know it wasn't the fish. That's the problem that we all have that we cannot see we can't see clearly the kinds of values and stories and missed that shape our lies. If you go and you go to a to pick up National Geographic and you you see a picture of a cobra and Islanders. Doing a pig ceremony where they have where they raise pigs, please elaborate tusks and things like that and they have men's Hudson Men's Clubs or like RL clubs devoted to the raising of pigs. You co quaint mythology, isn't it? But we never look at our own system of that way or we see the way in which other Pete primitive people say tattoo themselves and a labret paint job. Beautiful book just came out by a German lady on on forget the name of the people who paint jobs if they doing their face when you say conversation yesterday, so well, how are we mythical and I called this lady's attention to the fact that she also painted yourself. And that's what it looks like how you're all painted. Lots of painted people in this room. How many Indians do you say? Oh really funny stripes on them while we paint the same thing. We also have these really feel like getting up having a little machine that wakes us up in the morning and then we have these and we have drugs that we take to get us up. So we don't mean for the most part in this culture because we use drugs immediately to get us out of a dream state. We just have a little caffeine and catch up there. They looked at us they would say what are those people doing? They have just cut off the voices of the God, but it just cut off any access that they had to the revelation of the Otherworld. Mainly the Dreamlight. Cousin it almost every primitive culture access to the Dreamlight first place. That's what makes a shame and a Shaymin a holy man a holy man because he knows how to travel in the world of the unconsciousness look silly things they do. And then then they got they pick it up later these silly things and they cut off their dream lightning then you know, they go in these places where they they they deposit that all of their waist, and then they spray themselves with. Thanks. No, because they have just Queen idea that they stink. How you talk about mythological anywhere we get the idea that we stink in this culture pretty much smell equals stink. That's a real incredible kind of Mythology. That's the mythology of antiseptic things only in America. Do you go into a supermarket? And you find it fruit has been rap so that no germs can get to it. I mean this phone be about germs that we have part of our mythology. They're going against. Mary dangerous world are out to get us. I mean if we don't spray things we don't keep things out of septic and ecology. And then we do these things like we go to work for 40 hours a week. Riverside you know, that's how much work you should do. And we eat other people would look at it. So they don't even eat when they're hungry. Back most time don't know what is hungry is I mean they eat it but eat when there's the clock says to eat. And they work when the clock says to work. And they retire. And you know what they do to their old people and they retire they don't even honor than they try to get him out of the way. My God, you talk about you talk about a crazy mythology. Will you are the only culture that ever thought that it could throw away the resource of human wisdom. Dip that the repository of those of knowledge that those people have lived a long time. We thought that we can do without it matter fact. We don't want them around our memory machines. We don't want we don't want the memories around time-machine want the past. We want to get rid of it. incredible kind of Mythology we've created in this country that now we should live in the now the here in the now In the past we want to get Beyond. well All that becomes really interesting when you begin to look at. What does it mean when human beings forget their past? What is it mean when they don't know the stories they don't begin to they don't trade you the stories of where they came from and who they are and their Roots there are agents. So very simply we forgetting Who We Are Is the chief source of our disease? I mean that both physically and socially psychologically we have Conquer the outside world we forgotten their own names. Why is it important at the psychological level? At the level of the physical body and the level of the body politic the simplest explanation for what disease is forgetting. Let's let you know how that's true. psychological level Apartment According to Freud the nature of neurosis. Is that we have repressed certain kinds of memories other words to look back on the look back in the pages of your past there just long. There's this long. In that pack Square. You can't remember the pages are blank. Are you I know you're reading your history hear your 36 years old in your reading and by golly you open the damn book and it doesn't even start some people's book doesn't even start until their 1200. Well, I've got the I got one page here when I was 6 years old. I remember going to school. And I remember this and I remember very little and you look and you look and ask yourself a question. How much of your past can you remember? How much Elvis can end a pretty fair index? In some ways of your psychological completeness how much of that passed you can recover how much of you can tolerate what is not rememberable is of course still there. It's still operating except it's operating outside of our awareness. the yum bicycle kinds of examples are Are they the woman who very early in life is raped? The event is so painful that is totally repressed. She has no quote memory of that past. I have no memory of how that was treated by her parents. All she knows is that that fundamentally every time she gets in any kind of contact which threatens intimacy with a man. She recoiled. Maybe physically maybe psychologically there lots of ways recording this discussed their there's hate their suspicions. And the event the unremembered event is still shaping everything that's happening in her present and which will happen in her future until she can recall that event. Or to take another kind of example much more common because this is everybody story. The hatred that each one of us had for a parent. Potter hatred Until you recover the other hatred that you had for your parents. And the rage in a disappointment. Then you'll find that there's a certain amount of hatred rage and disappointment that you always have in relationship to other people if they're your major raid was toward your mother and you'll find that projected on person after person. You just noticed it very often that somebody triggers this rage and what is it about Because the fundamental fact of life is that we all had horrible parents. Everybody's parents were horrible. The other fundamental fact is everybody's parents were wonderful. It is to be a little child means that each one of us working conditions. We're at certain times. We were overwhelmed by our parents expectations. Even if it's only one time I can princess remember only one time in my life and my father in Rage sort of like that and almost hit me in Rage if I was a very beloved children. Powerful man, but he didn't he very seldom lost his temper that way and that I remember that one time and the fear that his power could eradicate me. The memory the ability to recover a memory means that what has been made unconscious can be made conscious. And what Neurosis is is the repetition of old patterns that you don't even see that there patterns? That's the way you see the world. And two very large extent the first part of life for all of us is we're not even living out psychologically speaking. We're not living our own lives. We're living out programmed responses with your parents in my early years early situation. In other words, we are in that sense exactly like almost all primitive people that we live out the myths of the culture and we don't even know that they're missed that were living out. Where did most of us get the idea that we would we would follow in this sequence and going to school going to high school going to college getting married going to work Bubba blah blah blah blah. Most people and culture just follow that out like it's a god-given rule. Instead of reaching 18 and saying, you know something I don't want to work ever. Too many things to do in this life food to work. Somebody looking to realize why don't more people do that. But no work is virtue. We we just automatically go on these course when we leave out these expectations of our parents. Married have children almost everybody does it? Least once 94% of 94% of Americans getting married to an amazing statistic when you think the 10% are gay. I mean self-proclaimed marriage is most popular things to do more popular than sliced bread. Okay, so what the psychological level? we keep repeating patterns and in and if you want if we want to break the pattern so we have to do is we have to raise those up into memory. Cuz it's literally you look at this word to read member. We have to read member ourselves, but I'm members back together. Freud's language, that is we have to make the unconscious conscious. We have to bring up to awareness the myths that are programming us. And once they're brought up to the level of awareness, that's when Freedom begins. That's when we began have a choice of saying wait a minute, you know, I've been pulled all of these are the unconscious living. And I want to choose a different future. But we can't choose different Futures until we have absorbed and remembered our past remembered all of the nips and he wrote. Heroes and villains that the shape that perception of the world psychologically we are. We are determined by myth a more. More obvious way in some ways is physically but our physical bodies are determined by the mythologies that we live out and our disease patterns. How many of you did did the workshop where we did on Miss in the body? Okay enough, so I'm not going to repeat much of this but just just a little bit to other people in about that. My neighbor a few several years ago died 49 of the cerebral hemorrhage. Several weeks later his wife told my mother. Well, it wasn't any surprise Marty always knew he would die at 49 of a cerebal Hemorrhage his father did. We'll see if you ask a question. What did the man die of the answer is obviously he did not die with cerebral hemorrhage. He died of an unremembered Miss. He died in this but the sun she'll never get any larger than the Father the Son shall not outlive the Father the Son shall not break the pattern of the father to all along. He has this expectation built-in. He has a disease script built in and all of us have disease script built-in from Early Childhood, or they may be Health scripts Scripts. Othello, I knew died up in Washington the other day he was diagnosed as having had leukemia he died in 6 days. And his script, I don't know this for a fact, but I'm sure his script was that well in the in the Jenner family. We don't get sick. That's Janice never spent a day in the hospital who knows how long the trip was, you know, don't ever get sick. Which may mean you'll never admit that you're sick. He just going to die. So all these scripts built into our bodies in that way. Somebody once said that what disease is it is an idee fixe a fixed idea in the body. the body Normally functions harmoniously to keep equilibrium. What happens in disease is that some part of the programming of that bottle of the body breaks down the DNA programming the body breaks down and instead of instead of the flow being harmonious something happens in which there's an area of constriction, which is exactly like a neurotic constriction in the mind. Somebody who has a a fixed idea that they can't succeed or that they're going to blow it. Every time that they almost do succeed. You see such people, you know, who who make it success in business up to a certain point and then when they begin to reach for reach for the on that first success to really multiply that successfully inevitably fall in their ass idea that they can only succeed to a certain degree maybe the 2nd sign. You're very often find a lot of mist which are built into birth order. one of the myths of the second second child is that Well, we try harder. Mariah second child always Avis now success threatens the hell out of us. We always are trying harder where you'll find interesting mythologies built into those things. You're going to want to look at when we look at that. Okay, then. When socially the ways in which the Mist program is, I think they're fairly obvious. Look at the book like type a behavior and your heart. And you realize that American the American way of life is is a highly competitive highly stressful. Because all of our values are connected with with achievement. status with money four major values that we live in that way we eat in that way and we die in that way by and large. Because I'm a large extent which maybe we'll have time to get into later the whole the ways in which any culture dies are just the flip side of the way in which it lives the diseases from which we die our resolve ologies. Even if you take cancer and you can take right now to the whole thing that's scaring everybody of the carcinogens in our environment. All this is a result of a meth result results. The fact that environment is 80% of cancers caused by environmental pollutants. But then you have to ask the question of how the hell did they get there? What kind of value system allowed us to do this to the environment? We have been in other words here. So we look at the material world out there by and large as it as raw material that we have the right to do anything we want to until the result of this The Logical result of that mythology that the world is material that we are supposed to mold and Conquer and and and due to Nature. What we want is a system where we flew ourselves. Just looking very contrast. Where? Do primitive peoples the natural world? Isn't that all its mother is perceived as a she. And you don't rape your mama. Okay, I'm getting what what we're going to try to do here is to try in these two days to put together put together myths and Hero Legends and stories. And basically what I'm going on is this is that the only way to recreate a new future for ourselves is by conserving the past. Reset again because it's a clue to I believe that this is the clue. This is the fundamental maximum of psychology. medicine ecology and politics the only way to create A real future for ourselves is by conserving the past. The psychological level it means we have to remember who we were. At the physical level. It means we have in some sense to help the body remember its original programming. So that the DNA the programming which is in the DNA. Take over to create Health rather than breaking down create disease social level. That means we have to we have to conserve the past which is Incarnate in our in our land and our air and extremes, which is have to recreate an order for going to have any kind of future. The MMA and the basic Maxim here I go on as is Saint Tiana's Maxim the toes who do not remember history are condemned to repeat it. Why it's so important that we read that we keep alive the memories. socially that America keep alive say the memory of Vietnam We keep alive at our we repeat it to keep alive that you keep us as individuals that we keep alive the memory of our pain. Unremembered pain what happens to unremember pain is it creates a holding pattern within the body which eventually is Manifest as a physical disease. disease cirrhosis apology was in the society were all trying to get at this. misremembering Put in one other phrase Gabrielle Marcel. The French existentialist says hope is a memory of the future. Kind of focus then threw his Workshop is going to be in some real sense has puted future. The real question I want to ask and to keep to keep tickling out for the course of these two days is question. First of all, who are you now? I'm dumb. How do you want to be different than you are as you look at who you are now, how are you caught in ways and patterns and sets of feelings in relationships in jobs in States Of Consciousness that are not satisfying to you. Carlos Castaneda says, you know somewhere I erase your personal history. What we're going to do exactly the opposite of that. I think that's the most foolish advice anybody has ever been given we're going to remember our personal history because it's only when you remember that you can change it. once you remember that then you can erase it erase it then it's a rich the rich kind of resonance with your class cuz then you can begin to go into the kind of future that you choose for yourself.

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